Radical Peace: People Refusing War

I thought you might like to read the concluding chapter of my new book, RADICAL PEACE: People Refusing War. Just published by Trine Day, it’s a journey along diverse paths of nonviolence, the true stories of people working for peace in unconventional and often spiritual ways.

Noam Chomsky called it, “A book that captures such complexities and depths of human existence, even apart from the

immediate message.”

Conscious Peace:

World Peace Depends upon Our Collective Consciousness

From the book

Radical Peace: People Refusing War

By William T. Hathaway

Published by Trine Day 2010

I was sitting in full lotus, body wrapped in a blanket, mind rapt in deep stillness, breathing lightly, wisps of air curling

into the infinite space behind my closed eyes. My mantra had gone beyond sound

to become a pulse of light in an emptiness that contained everything.

An electric shock flashed down my spine and through my body. My head snapped back, limbs jerked, a cry burst from my throat. Every

muscle in my body contracted — neck rigid, jaws clenched, forehead tight. Bolts

of pain shot through me in all directions, then drew together in my chest.

Heart attack! I thought. I managed to lie down, then noticed I wasn’t breathing

— maybe I was already dead. I groaned and gulped a huge breath, which stirred a

whirl of thoughts and images.

Vietnam again: Rotor wind from a hovering helicopter flails the water of a rice paddy while farmers run frantically for cover. Points of fire spark out

from a bamboo grove to become dopplered whines past my ears. A plane dives on

the grove to release a bomb which tumbles end over end and bursts into an orange

globe of napalm. A man in my arms shakes in spasms as his chest gushes blood.

I held my head and tried to force the images out, but the montage of scenes flowed on, needing release. I could only lie there

under a torrent of grief, regret, terror and guilt. My chest felt like it was

caving in under the pressure. I clung to my mantra like a lifeline to sanity. I

was breathing in short, shallow gasps, but gradually my breath slowed and

deepened, the feelings became less gripping, and I reoriented back into the

here and now: my small room in Spain on a Transcendental Meditation teacher

training course.

I lay on my narrow bed stunned by this flashback from four years ago when I’d been a Green Beret in Vietnam.

I had thought I’d left all that behind, but here it was again.

I sat up and was able to do some yoga exercises but couldn’t meditate. Instead I took a walk on the beach. For the rest of that

day and the next I was confused and irritable and could hardly meditate or

sleep. But the following day I felt lightened and relieved, purged of a load of

trauma, and my meditations were clear. My anxiety about the war was much less;

the violence was in the past, not raging right now in my head.

Gradually I became aware of a delicate joy permeating not just me but also my surroundings. I knew somehow it had always been there,

inhering deep in everything, but my stress had been blocking my perception of

it. I felt closer to the other people on the course, connected by a shared

consciousness. Then I started feeling closer to everything around me; birds and

grass, even rocks and water were basically the same as me. Our surface

separations were an illusion; essentially we were all one consciousness

expressing itself in different forms. Rather than being just an isolated

individual, I knew I was united with the universe, joined in a field of

felicity. This perception faded after a few days, but it gave me a glimpse of

what enlightenment must be like.

The whole experience was a dramatic example of what Maharishi Mahesh Yogi called “unstressing,” the nervous system’s

purging itself of blockages caused by our past actions. Since my past actions

had been extreme, the healing process was also extreme.

I had begun meditating in 1968, several months after returning from the war. I’d come back laden with fear and anger, but I

had denied those emotions, burying them under an “I’m all right,

Jack,” attitude. I was tough, I could take it, I was a survivor. Within

certain parameters I could function well, but when my superficial control broke

down, I would fall into self-destructive depressions. I finally had to admit I

was carrying a huge burden of stress, and I knew I had to get rid of that

before I could live at peace with myself or anyone else.

My best friend from Special Forces, Keith Parker, had started doing Transcendental Meditation and said it made his mind clear and

calm. I tried it and found he was right. When I meditated, I sat with eyes

closed and thought a mantra, a sound without meaning that took my mind to

quieter, finer levels and eventually beyond all mental activity to deep

silence. Subjectively, TM was like diving down through an inner ocean into a

realm of serenity. The effects were more real than anything I’d experienced

through prayer or psychedelics. My stress and pressure began to be relieved.

I started going on World Peace Assemblies, large courses led by Maharishi or one of his assistants where we meditated as a

group. This strengthened the effects, making me feel both tranquil and energized.

Then I attended this four-month course to learn to be a teacher of

Transcendental Meditation. Every day we did hours of “rounding,”

repeating cycles of meditation, yoga and breathing exercises, each taking us

deeper towards transcendental consciousness. Afternoons and evenings Maharishi

would answer questions and teach us how to be teachers of meditation.

One of his favorite topics was the connection between modern science and Vedic science. After getting a master’s degree in

physics, he had studied metaphysics with one of the great swamis of India,

so he could integrate both worlds. He taught us how the unified field that

physics has discovered is the same as our own consciousness, that the

fundamental level of the universe is the fundamental level of ourselves. And

most importantly, he taught us how to experience this unity, where the duality

of subject and object disappears and separation merges into oneness. This is

the source of creation, a realm of bliss where even the concept of enemy

doesn’t exist. It’s the level from which energy manifests into matter and form.

Enlightened people live there all the time, but all of us can experience it,

and once we do, our reality is different.

Ordinarily, our awareness is directed via sense perception outwards to physical objects. When we meditate, we reverse this

direction and move our awareness back towards its source, the unified field.

The mind goes inward and perceives progressively more refined levels of

thinking until all thoughts drop away and we reach the ground state of

transcendental consciousness, in which the mind is alert but without thoughts,

pure awareness without an object. In place of thoughts, we are filled with a

joy that can only be described as divine. Here we are united with all of

creation. We are no longer observing the universe; we are the universe.

The path to transcendental consciousness, however, is not always smooth. Our stresses — the inner effects of past actions

— can make our mind murky and unsettled, thus blocking us off from a clear

experience of the transcendent. But stress can be healed. During Transcendental

Meditation the nervous system repairs itself and removes the obstructions so

that our awareness isn’t confined to the surface thinking level but can flow

into the silent depths, providing deep rest for the mind and body. In this

physiological condition, stress is cured and higher states of consciousness

experienced.

The process can be unsettling because as stresses are dissolved, some of their qualities may affect our awareness in the form of

physical pain, old buried emotions, or hectic streams of thoughts. Sometimes

the unconscious has to be made conscious before it can be healed. I’d had a

first-hand experience of this sort of unstressing, and it cleared away my war

trauma. I haven’t had a flashback in all the years since then, but I’ve had

many experiences of the blissful unity that came afterwards.

The deep calm of meditation is more than just a subjective experience. Physiological research has shown that during TM oxygen

consumption decreases twice as much as it does during deep sleep. Brain waves become

more coherent, changing from the usual scattered, disordered patterns into

synchronized waves coordinating across both hemispheres, an indication of more

integrated mental functioning. Blood flow to the brain increases. On the skin,

electrical conductance decreases, a sign of relaxation. In the blood stream,

the stress hormone cortisol decreases; serotonin, a neurotransmitter that

relieves depression and promotes well being, increases; arginine vasopressin, a

hormone that regulates blood pressure and improves memory and learning ability,

increases; blood lactate level decreases, indicating lessened anxiety. And

rather than being in a trance, the person is fully alert and aware of the

surroundings. This physiological condition defines a fourth state of

consciousness distinct from the three usual states of waking, dreaming and deep

sleep. In this rejuvenating transcendental consciousness, the physiology

repairs the damage done by traumatic events and illnesses.

More than anything else I’ve experienced, Transcendental Meditation creates a peaceful inner change. The personality and basic self

remain the same, but fear and hostility diminish. We become friendlier to

ourselves, and so we can be friendlier to others. As our personal stresses are

healed, the mind functions better and we gain access to more of our mental

potential. We’re more able to perceive and correct the sources of social stress

that surround us.

Recent research has shown that the effects don’t stop with the individual. Large groups of people meditating together produce

coherence and stability not just in themselves but also in the society around

them. This extended effect has been demonstrated in experiments in Massachusetts, Rhode Island,

Iowa, Washington

DC, New

Delhi, Manila,

Puerto Rico, Nicaragua,

El Salvador,

Iran

and Holland

where large groups met for long meditations. During every assembly, crime,

violence and accidents in the surrounding region dropped and the composite

Quality of Life Index for public health, economics and social harmony rose. All

the changes were statistically highly significant. The groups of meditators

improved the whole society: negativity decreased, positivity increased. After

the assemblies ended, the figures returned to their previous levels. The

results were calculated by comparing data from different time periods to insure

that the only variable was the meditation course, thus establishing it as the

cause of the change.

I attended two of these assemblies, in Washington DC and Iowa, and the experiences were wonderful. Meditating with thousands of other people

strengthens the results. The mental emanations reinforce one another into a

palpable effect of group consciousness. I enjoyed deeper levels of inner

silence and clearer infusions of transcendental energy. Outside of meditation,

we treated one another with a harmony and tenderness that I’d never experienced

in a group of people before. It was a taste of what an ideal society could be

like.

How can meditators sitting with their eyes closed influence people many miles away? Quantum physics describes how everything in

the universe is connected through underlying fields of energy. The

electromagnetic field is an example. A transmitter sends waves through this

invisible field, and receivers many miles away instantly convert them into

sound and pictures. Similarly, our minds send mental energy through the field of

consciousness that connects everyone. We are all continually transmitting and

receiving these influences. The mental atmosphere we share is loaded with them,

and the program they’re broadcasting is frequently one of fear, frustration,

anger and aggression. This toxicity pollutes the collective consciousness,

resulting in cloudy thinking and harmful actions. All of us are affected — and

infected — to some degree by this. Under this sway, persons with a heavy load

of personal stress become more prone to turn to crime to solve their problems.

As this negative atmosphere intensifies and the pressures mount, groups of

people turn to the mass criminality of warfare.

Wars are hurricanes of the collective consciousness. Hurricanes relieve the physical atmosphere of excess heat that

has built up. They result afterwards in a more balanced climatic condition, but

they do that destructively. Similarly, wars relieve excess stress in the

psychic atmosphere and bring a temporary peace, but their destructiveness

generates more stress and another war.

In contrast to this stormy approach, a meditator in transcendental consciousness broadcasts the qualities inherent to this

plane: peace, orderliness, harmony. And when many meditators reach

transcendental consciousness together, their energies reinforce one another

into a surge of positivity that overrides the stressful emissions of the

surrounding population. The minds of everyone in the area receive this

broadcast of coherence. It’s a very subtle effect that is under the limen of

most people’s perceptual awareness, but they are influenced through this field

where all human minds are joined. This life-nurturing energy purifies the

collective consciousness of fear and hostility before those negative forces can

build up and erupt into crime and war.

New experiments demonstrated the effects on war. As civil war was raging in Lebanon,

a group gathered nearby in Israel to practice

long meditations. During their assembly, the intensity of fighting in Lebanon

lessened and war deaths plummeted. In Israel, crime, traffic

accidents, fires and other indicators of social disorder decreased. All the

changes were statistically highly significant.

A further experiment showed even more dramatic results. According to the ancient Vedic tradition, if a very large number of

people meditate together, positive influences will occur globally. Maharishi

decided to test this with 7,000 meditators, the square root of one percent of

the world population. He gathered them together at the TM university in Fairfield, Iowa, for long meditations. The

results thousands of miles away in Lebanon were a 71

percent decrease in war deaths, a 68 percent decrease in injuries, a 48 percent

decrease in combat incidents and a 66 percent increase in cooperative efforts

to end the civil war. A time-series analysis of the results confirmed the

causation.

Groups of 7,000 meditators also reduce terrorism. During three of these large assemblies, worldwide terrorism dropped by an

average of 72 percent as compared to all other weeks in a two-year period,

based on data compiled by the Rand Corporation. Statistical analysis ruled out

the possibility that the reduction was due to cycles, trends, seasonal changes,

or drifts in the measures used.

Peer-reviewed studies of these experiments have been published in the Journal of Conflict Resolution, Journal of Mind

and Behavior, Journal of Crime and Justice, Social Indicators

Research and other academic publications. Twenty-three studies based on 50 experiments

document the long-distance effects of large groups of meditators in reducing

violence and improving quality of life.

With this overwhelming evidence Maharishi approached the governments of the world and requested that they establish these

groups on a permanent basis to secure peace and social harmony.

The governments of the world weren’t interested.

So Maharishi decided to build a long-term group. With the help of a wealthy donor he constructed a residential center in India

and filled it with 7,000 meditators practicing several hours a day. The other

experiments had been short-term, lasting a few weeks or months, but this one

lasted two years — a time that fundamentally changed the world. The Cold War

ended, communism collapsed, the people of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union

freed themselves of totalitarian rule, the Berlin Wall came down, 80 nations

signed an agreement that saved the ozone layer, black and white South Africans

dismantled apartheid, hostile borders became open and friendly, former enemies

signed arms reduction and nonaggression treaties. It was a period of

unprecedented good will, a breakthrough for world peace.

But the donor ran out of money. He had already expended most of his fortune supporting the group and couldn’t continue.

Maharishi tried again to convince governments to take over the funding, an

amount per year that was a fraction of what they spend on the military per one

heartbeat.

Again, no government was interested. Why did they turn down such a scientifically verified program that would cost little, harm

nothing and possibly bring world peace?

In three of the countries that participated in the initial experiments, the governments were thrown out of office after the

assemblies. Three dictators — the Shah in Iran, Somoza in Nicaragua and Marcos in the Philippines

— had invited the TM teachers because their populations were rising in

rebellion. They hoped the meditating groups would act as a social tranquilizer

that would pacify the rebels. The opposite turned out to be the case. The

increased coherence generated by the groups enabled the whole society to join

together and throw out the dictators with a minimum of violence. Other

governments didn’t want to risk losing power through a similar upsurge in the

collective consciousness of their people.

Another reason was that although many governments pay lip service to peace, they don’t really want it. What they want is to use

the military to control their people and enforce their aggressive foreign

policies. They also profit from the arms trade; peace would be bad for

business.

A third reason is that the concept of meditators being able to decrease violence half the world away is just too unconventional

for most politicians to comprehend. It doesn’t fit the worldview they’ve been

educated into. Our society is still living in the shadow of 19th-century

empiricism, where matter was seen as the basis of reality. Science has moved

far beyond this position, but the old view still has a lingering effect on our

thinking, causing us to reject what we don’t understand. The insights of

unified field physics are only slowly being absorbed by the general population.

Most people can’t yet comprehend that energy rather than matter is the basic

component of the universe, and that this energy is identical with our own

consciousness.

In addition, the intellectual rebellion against dogmatic religion has gone to the opposite extreme where many people now

embrace skepticism as the ultimate wisdom. Doubt has become the new orthodoxy,

and definitive statements about the world are automatically suspect.

Seeing consciousness as primary and matter as being manifested from it is a whole different way of looking at the universe

and will require some getting used to. But every paradigm shift in human

thinking has had to confront the prejudices of its time. As Arthur Schopenhauer

said, a new worldview is first ridiculed, then attacked and finally accepted as

self-evident.

But unfortunately in the early 1990s when the group of 7,000 meditators had to be

dissolved, negative consequences followed swiftly: The USA decided for

full-spectrum dominance and developed new nuclear weapons; the first Gulf War

broke out; Yugoslavia dissolved into violent chaos; terrorism multiplied.

Destructive trends in all areas of life continue to engulf us.

Maharishi didn’t give up, though. He started rebuilding the group on his own. To finance it, he raised the prices for

learning TM and for his ayurvedic health programs. Although Maharishi died in

2008, there’s currently a group of 4,000 in India and 2,000 in Iowa, both of them

growing. If the number of meditators continues to increase, we could all be in

for a new era.

Scientific evidence indicates this technique can cure the root cause of war — stress in the collective consciousness — and bring

world peace. This could be the most important discovery of our time, and we can

all participate in it. Several studies have shown that individuals meditating

on their own for 20 minutes twice a day also contribute to this effect. More

information and citations on the research can be found at www.permanentpeace.org.

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My other books include A WORLD OF HURT (Rinehart Foundation Award), CD-RING and SUMMER SNOW. I was a Fulbright

professor of creative writing at universities in Germany, where I’m currently living.

A selection of my work is available at www.peacewriter.org.